Jewish Texts

Did Moses Write the Torah?

Although modern traditionalist Judaism uniformly affirms the divinity of the Torah, classical sources disagree on what role Moses had in its production.

Gemara: The Essence of the Talmud

Together with the Mishnah, these texts make up what is known as Rabbinic Judaism.

Vashti: The Forgotten Queen of Persia

The rabbis imagined the Bible's Vashti as both evil villain and tragic heroine.

Talmud Words and Phrases

Essential vocabulary for understanding the Talmud.

Job

A book that challenges the rest of the Bible by asking how a good God can permit so much suffering.

Deborah

A warrior and prophetess, she's the only woman in the Hebrew Bible with hard political power who is portrayed positively.

Rebecca the Superheroine

Isaac's wife and Jacob's mother, the second matriarch survived a difficult pregnancy and engineered the future of the Jewish people.

Jonah

A story about prophecy and repentance—but not in the way you think.

Samson

He could kill a lion or topple a temple with his bare hands, but succumbed to the love of a treacherous woman. Many wild traditions circulated about the first Jewish superhero.

How Jacob Healed His Family

Israel’s third patriarch was born into great dysfunction, but found ways to create the first cohesive family in the Bible.

Leah’s Improbable Optimism

The first wife of Jacob endured a loveless marriage, but her story is one of perseverance.

Eshet Manoah: Mother of the Mighty Samson

One of the Bible’s many barren women, she had the grace and grit to become mother to the "Jewish Hercules."