Jewish Law

Caro’s Codificatory Approach

The disparate opinions in Caro's Bet Yosef and the bottom line decisions in his Shulhan Arukh combined to create the halakhic code par excellence.

Commentaries on the Mishneh Torah

The Mishneh Torah sparked the creation of extensive and voluminous commentary.

Critical Reactions to Mishneh Torah

Maimonides' two main critics, Rabad and Asheri, argued that multiplicity of opinions is a positive and vital force in Jewish law.

Goals of the Mishneh Torah

In order to make his code categorical and prescriptive, Maimonides deliberately omitted sources and did not reference his predecessors.

The Impact of the Geonim on the Middle Ages

Jewish communities in the West gain independence of the geonim, and inherit a rich tapestry of legal texts.

Halakhot Pesukot, Halakhot Gedolot

Major books of halakhot from the geonic period.

Sefer ha-She’iltot

The first halakhic code.

Sifra and Sifre

Legal midrash on Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.

Avot d’Rabbi Natan

A companion volume to Pirkei Avot.

The Methodology of Brisk

Rabbi Hayim of Brisk revolutionized Talmud study--and his method remains dominant today.

Rabbenu Tam

The grandson of Rashi and leader of medieval French Jewry.

Kiss of Death

Midrash explains how Moses could be happy with dying.