Evergreen

Settling all the land.

Through centuries of exile, Jewish hopes and prayers were focused on the Promised Land.

Since the beginning of modern Zionism, some Jews have stood in opposition to it.

Secular Zionism since 1948

Rabbis Kook and Soloveitchik offered differing views on what the modern state means theologically.

Yeshayahu Leibowitz believed traditional Judaism has no precedent for a modern Jewish state like Israel.

This Israeli philosopher saw problems with both secular and religious Zionism.

A Reform declaration of Zionistic belief

A poem by Judah Halevi.

Early rabbinic literature does not devote much attention to the uniqueness of the Land of Israel.