Jewish Evil

According to the kabbalists, evil is a bi-product of the relationship between humans and the sefirot, God's manifested attributes.

At Sinai, the Israelites pledged their allegiance to God and accepted the punishments that would result if they betrayed God.

If suffering is beneficial, then the existence of evil is not a problem.

Early Jewish writers were more concerned with the randomness of suffering than with its actual existence.

A concept that accounts for suffering, but also contributes to the problem of its existence.