The Hebrew word rahamim (רַחֲמִים) means compassion or mercy. It is an essential quality of God and a desirable ethical trait in human beings.
The word rahamim comes from the Hebrew noun rechem, which means womb. This etymology reflects the powerfully nurturing, protective qualities associated with compassion — like a mother’s care for her child.
In the Hebrew Bible, rahamim is often linked with God’s mercy toward humanity. The term appears frequently in prayers drawn from the scriptures, for example, the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy, described in the Book of Exodus (34:6-7) and recited on the High Holidays, emphasize God’s readiness to forgive and show rahamim to those who repent. The Psalms and prophetic books also speak extensively about rahamim, portraying it as an essential divine quality humans should strive to embody.
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In Jewish ethical teaching, rahamim is an essential human responsibility. It demands that people act with kindness and mercy toward others, especially the vulnerable.
Rahamim often comes into conflict with strict justice. When acting from a principle of rahamim, deserved punishment may be unadministered. This tension is, according to Jewish tradition, one that is built into the fabric of the world. The biblical commentator Rashi, commenting on the very first verse of the Torah, writes: “When God created the universe He did so under the attribute of justice, but then saw it could not survive. What did He do? He added compassion to justice and created the world.” In other words, if humans were judged “fairly,” God would have to destroy them. So God knew, from before the world was created, that rahamim was essential.
Rahamim can be used as a proper name for a boy, though it is unusual.
