Apparently the new edition of the Encyclopedia Judaica takes a skeptical position on this question.
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Masada
The site where hundreds of Jews held out against a Roman siege has become a modern symbol of Jewish heroism.
The Jews of France
The third-largest Jewish community in the world has undergone alternating periods of achievement and persecution.
The Jews of Scandinavia
The tiny Jewish communities of the Nordic countries have been sustained by regular arrivals of Jews fleeing persecution elsewhere.