A Vanished World: Medieval Spain’s Golden Age of Enlightenment

From the Muslim-Arab conquests of the 7th century to the appearance of modern ideas in the 1,000 years later.

As commonly understood, this biblical narrative condemns the first violation of the prohibition against idolatry--but it's not that simple.

Originating in 18th-century Germany, this movement of "maskilim" sought to integrate Jewish ideas and Jews into Western society.